Math Equations free essay sample

This paper will show two mathematical problems, the first is â€Å"To estimate the size of the bear population on the Keweenaw Peninsula, conservationists captured, tagged, and released 50 bears. One year later, a random sample of 100 bears included only 2 tagged bears. What is the conservationists estimate of the size of the bear population? † (Dugopolski, 2013, pp. 37, probem 56). The second will be to complete problem 10 on page 444 of Elementary and Intermediate Algebra. Here all steps in solving the problem will be explained step by step. The first problem is to estimate the size of the bear population located on the Keweenaw Peninsula conservation. In reading over the â€Å"Bear Population† method #56 on page 437you will notice we are to assume that the ratio of originally tagged bears to the whole population is equal to the ratio of recaptured bears to the size of the sample. The ratio of the originally tagged bears to the whole population is 2100 The ration of the recaptured tagged bears to the sample size is 50x 2100=50x Since x is on the right-hand side of the equation, we need to switch the sides so it is on the left-hand side. We will write a custom essay sample on Math Equations or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page 50x=2100 This is the proportion set up and ready to solve. I will cross multiply setting the extremes equal to the means. 100(50) = 2x Here 100 and 50 are the extreme, while x and 2 are the means. 0002=22 Next we must divide each term in the equation by 2. X=50002 Cancel out the common factor X=2500 The bear population in Keweenaw Peninsula is estimated to be around 2500. For the second problem in this assignment I am asked to solve this equation for y. The first thing I notice is that it is a single fraction (ratio) on both sides of the equal sign so basically it is a proportion which can be solved by cross multiplying the extremes and means. y-1)=-34*((x+3))Multiply both sides of the equation by (x+3) (y-1)=-34*(x+3)Remove the extra parentheses (y-1) = -3(x+3)4Multiply the rational expressions to get 3(x+3)4 y-1= -3(x+3)4Remove the parentheses around the expression y-1 Since -1 does not contain the variable solve for, move it to the right-hand side of the equation by adding 1 to both sides. y=1 *44 3(x+3)4Multiply each term by a factor of 1 that will equate all the denominators. In this case, all terms need a denominator of 4. = 14 (-1*4) 3(x+3)4Multiply the expression by a factor of 1 to create the least common denominator (LCD) of 4. y= 44 3(x+3)4 Multiply 1 by 4 to get 4. y = 4-3(x+3)4 The numerators of expressions that have equal denominators can be combined. In this case, (4)4 and 3(x+3)4 have the same denominator of 4, so the numerators can be combined. y = 4-3 (x+3)4 Remove the parentheses around the expression 4. y = 4-3 x-3 (3)4 Multiply -3 by each term inside the parentheses (x-3). = 4-3 *x-3 (3)4 Multiply -3 by the x inside the parentheses. y = 4-3 x-3 (3)4 Multiply -3 by x to get – 3x. y = 4-3 x-3* 34 Multiply -3 by the 3 inside the parentheses. y = 14 (4-3x-9) Multiply -3 by 3 to get -9. y = 14 (-5 -3x) Subtract 9 from 4 to get -5 y = 14 (-3x -5) Reorder the polynomial -5 -3x alphabetically from left to right, starting with the highest order term. y = 14 (-3x-5)Simplify the right-hand side of the equation. Here I have notice that the solution for y = 14 (-3x-5) but the equation for x is different and x as a rational expression is (y-1)  · 4=-3  · (x+3) which is solved by which is solved by a ration. Simplify the equation for x = 4y3 53 . Another thing I have learned is if you go from x = y to x^2 = y^2 you have introduced the extraneous root. References: Dugopolski, M. (2013). Elementary and Intermediate Algebra, 4th Ed. New York, NY: The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Math Equations free essay sample This paper will show two mathematical problems, the first is â€Å"To estimate the size of the bear population on the Keweenaw Peninsula, conservationists captured, tagged, and released 50 bears. One year later, a random sample of 100 bears included only 2 tagged bears. What is the conservationists estimate of the size of the bear population? † (Dugopolski, 2013, pp. 37, probem 56). The second will be to complete problem 10 on page 444 of Elementary and Intermediate Algebra. Here all steps in solving the problem will be explained step by step. The first problem is to estimate the size of the bear population located on the Keweenaw Peninsula conservation. In reading over the â€Å"Bear Population† method #56 on page 437you will notice we are to assume that the ratio of originally tagged bears to the whole population is equal to the ratio of recaptured bears to the size of the sample. The ratio of the originally tagged bears to the whole population is 2100 The ration of the recaptured tagged bears to the sample size is 50x 2100=50x Since x is on the right-hand side of the equation, we need to switch the sides so it is on the left-hand side. We will write a custom essay sample on Math Equations or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page 50x=2100 This is the proportion set up and ready to solve. I will cross multiply setting the extremes equal to the means. 100(50) = 2x Here 100 and 50 are the extreme, while x and 2 are the means. 0002=22 Next we must divide each term in the equation by 2. X=50002 Cancel out the common factor X=2500 The bear population in Keweenaw Peninsula is estimated to be around 2500. For the second problem in this assignment I am asked to solve this equation for y. The first thing I notice is that it is a single fraction (ratio) on both sides of the equal sign so basically it is a proportion which can be solved by cross multiplying the extremes and means. y-1)=-34*((x+3))Multiply both sides of the equation by (x+3) (y-1)=-34*(x+3)Remove the extra parentheses (y-1) = -3(x+3)4Multiply the rational expressions to get 3(x+3)4 y-1= -3(x+3)4Remove the parentheses around the expression y-1 Since -1 does not contain the variable solve for, move it to the right-hand side of the equation by adding 1 to both sides. y=1 *44 3(x+3)4Multiply each term by a factor of 1 that will equate all the denominators. In this case, all terms need a denominator of 4. = 14 (-1*4) 3(x+3)4Multiply the expression by a factor of 1 to create the least common denominator (LCD) of 4. y= 44 3(x+3)4 Multiply 1 by 4 to get 4. y = 4-3(x+3)4 The numerators of expressions that have equal denominators can be combined. In this case, (4)4 and 3(x+3)4 have the same denominator of 4, so the numerators can be combined. y = 4-3 (x+3)4 Remove the parentheses around the expression 4. y = 4-3 x-3 (3)4 Multiply -3 by each term inside the parentheses (x-3). = 4-3 *x-3 (3)4 Multiply -3 by the x inside the parentheses. y = 4-3 x-3 (3)4 Multiply -3 by x to get – 3x. y = 4-3 x-3* 34 Multiply -3 by the 3 inside the parentheses. y = 14 (4-3x-9) Multiply -3 by 3 to get -9. y = 14 (-5 -3x) Subtract 9 from 4 to get -5 y = 14 (-3x -5) Reorder the polynomial -5 -3x alphabetically from left to right, starting with the highest order term. y = 14 (-3x-5)Simplify the right-hand side of the equation. Here I have notice that the solution for y = 14 (-3x-5) but the equation for x is different and x as a rational expression is (y-1)  · 4=-3  · (x+3) which is solved by which is solved by a ration. Simplify the equation for x = 4y3 53 . Another thing I have learned is if you go from x = y to x^2 = y^2 you have introduced the extraneous root. References: Dugopolski, M. (2013). Elementary and Intermediate Algebra, 4th Ed. New York, NY.

How to Analyze Data Graphics on SAT Reading and Writing

How to Analyze Data Graphics on SAT Reading and Writing SAT / ACT Prep Online Guides and Tips On both the Reading and Writing sections of the SAT, there are questions that incorporate graphs, charts, and tables. On the Reading section, the Official SAT Study Guide refers to these questions as "interpreting data presented in informational graphics." On the Writing section, they're referred to as "drawing connections between words and data." Both question types contribute to your Command of Evidence subscore. For the purposes of brevity and clarity, I'll call the Reading and Writing questions that use data and graphics quantitative questions. In this article, I'll explain the different types of quantitative questions on Reading and Writing. Furthermore, I'll give you example questions and strategies to help you correctly answer quantitative questions on the SAT. Quantitative Questions on the SAT There are quantitative questions on both the Reading and Writing sections of the SAT. Typically, there will be about 3-6 quantitative questions on Reading and 1-2 on Writing. If you understand the different types of quantitative questions and practice understanding how data is presented on the SAT, you should be able to correctly answer these questions. I'll walk you through the three major types of quantitative questions on Reading and Writing, and I’ll provide a step-by-step approach for answering each type of question. Type #1: Data Questions These are direct questions that test you on whether you can read the information that’s presented. They're the most straightforward quantitative questions. I’ll provide examples and guidance for how to answer these questions. On these types of questions, the first step is to carefully read the graph. Make sure you understand what it's showing and how the information is being displayed. Then, determine what the question is asking. These questions are fairly basic, so you're most likely to make a mistake by either misinterpreting the graph or the question. Finally, you need to refer back to the graph to locate the answer. The information on the graph will directly support your answer choice. Let's take a look at a couple of examples of these types of questions. SAT Examples Follow the steps I provided to answer this data question from a practice SAT. Before attempting to answer the question, familiarize yourself with the graph. You’re most likely to make a mistake by rushing or being careless and reading the graph incorrectly. Make sure you understand each component of the graph. The graph is comparing regular coffee profits to fair trade coffee profits over time. The top line with the unshaded circles is graphing the profits of fair trade coffee. The bottom line with the shaded circles is graphing the profits of regular coffee. The X-axis, or horizontal line, shows the year and the Y-axis, or vertical line, is the amount of profit in US cents per pound. Next, let’s look at the question and determine what it’s asking. The question is asking us to identify the time period when the difference between profits from fair trade and those from regular coffee was largest. Refer back to the graph to find the answer. On the graph, the period when the difference between the profits was largest corresponds with the points on the graph where the distance between the top line and the bottom line is the largest. Quickly, you can see that the largest difference between the profits occurred during 2002-2004. The correct answer is B. If you didn’t realize the distance between the lines corresponded with the difference between the profits, you could have identified the profits for fair trade and regular coffee from the graph for each answer choice and calculated the difference between them. This would be a longer process, but you would still arrive at the correct answer. Here's another example of this type of question. Remember to follow all the necessary steps to answer the question. Again, let’s take a look at the graph first. The graph is showing changes in the depth of isotherms over a 24- hour period. The X-axis is the time of day, and the Y-axis is the depth below the surface in meters. The top line in the graph represents the isotherm of 13 degrees Celsius. The lines below represent the isotherms of , 10, and 9 degrees. Now, we’ll determine what the question is asking. We have to identify the isotherm that shows an increase in depth during the period 19:12 to 20:24. At this point, we’ll refer back to the graph to find our answer. If you take a look at the Y-axis, you’ll notice that a lower point on the Y-axis corresponds with a greater depth below the surface. Therefore, to answer our question, we need to find the isotherm in which its line moves down from 19:12 to 20:24. The only isotherm that shows a downward trajectory from 19:12 to 20:24 is 13 degrees Celsius. The correct answer is D. Steven Depolo/Flickr Type #2: Interpreting Data These questions require you to draw a conclusion or support a statement based on the data. You have to be able to determine what the information means. For these questions, it's easiest to go through the answer choices to determine which one is accurate based on the data. First, again, make sure you know what the question is asking. After you understand the question, look through the answer choices. For each answer choice, refer to the data to conclude whether or not the graphical information supports the answer choice. If the data doesn't support the statement in the answer choice, eliminate that choice. Continue to eliminate answers until you find the correct one. Follow these steps on the following SAT example questions. SAT Examples Check out this interpreting data question from the Reading section. We have to use the information from the graph to determine which statement is true. Again, for these questions, it’s easiest to go through the answer choices to determine which one is supported by the data. Let’s start with answer choice A and refer to the first figure. We have to determine if the number of students using public transportation is greater than the number of retirees using public transportation. From the pie graph, we can see that 10.7% of passengers are students and only 6.7% are retirees. The figure does support answer choice A. We can quickly go through the other choices to ensure that A is correct. For answer choice B, employed people are 72% and unemployed people are only 6.4% of passengers; therefore B is untrue. For answer choice C, homemakers are only 2% of passengers and those employed outside the home are 72%, so C is untrue. For answer choice D, in the figure, there is no mention of how often various groups use public transportation. The figure graphs the occupations of the passengers, but it says nothing about the frequency with which they use public transportation. Therefore, D is not supported by Figure 1, and the correct answer is A. Let’s try one more interpreting data question from the Writing section: Based on the sentence from the passage, we have to determine what happens when Empire apples are treated with 1-MCP. The dark bars represent apples that were treated with 1-MCP. Let’s go through the answer choices to see which one is true based on the data in the graph. For each answer choice, we'll refer back to the graph to see if the statement is an accurate interpretation of the data in the graph. Answer choice A is wrong because the graph shows that Empire apples experience almost 50% browning after being treated with 1-MCP and placed immediately in a controlled atmosphere. Answer choice B appears to be true. The data indicate that roughly 50% of the apple flesh browned with 1-MCP treated apples placed in the open air and those immediately placed in a controlled atmosphere. The dark bar on the right is a little more than 50%, and the dark bar on the left is a little less than 50%. Answer choice C is incorrect because both dark bars show that there is browning. Answer choice D is wrong because there is more browning with 1-MCP apples that are stored in the open air than there is with apples that weren’t treated with 1-MCP and stored in the open air. The correct answer is B. Side Stage Collective/Flickr Type #3: Combining Data With Information From the Passage These questions require you to understand the data and what’s written in the passage. You have to decide if the data supports information in the passage and vice versa. Often, you can answer these questions with just the data or only a basic understanding of the passage. Like all quantitative questions, first make sure that you comprehend the passage. Then, similar to the interpreting data questions, you have to go through the answer choices to determine if the data support the answer choice. Finally, you may have to refer to the passage to ensure that both the data and the passage reflect an answer choice before you make your selection. Check out these examples from practice SATs. SAT Examples Here’s an example from the Writing section: First, we must determine what the question is asking. Based on the map, we must figure out which term is heard in the middle and western portions of the US, which term is used in the south, and which term is used in the northeastern and southwestern US. The terms should be placed in order: middle and western US first, south next, and then northeastern and southwestern US. Next, let’s look at the map to determine which terms are used in the different regions. In the middle and west, â€Å"pop† is the popular term. The dark shaded color in that area corresponds with use of the word â€Å"pop.† In the south,â€Å"coke† is the term of choice. The diagonal lines in that area correspond with using the word â€Å"coke.† Finally, in the northeastern and southwestern US, â€Å"soda† is the word commonly used as indicated by the lightly shaded area. Therefore, the answer should be â€Å"pop,† â€Å"coke,† â€Å"soda." Look at the answer choices to find the correct answer. The correct answer is C.Here's one more example from the Reading section: Because the correct answer has to be supported by the passage and the graph, we can first eliminate the answer choices that are not supported by the graph.Answer choice A can be eliminated because the graph doesn’t provide any information about salinity. Based on the graph alone, you may not know which layers of water are denser, so for now, we’ll leave answer choice B. Answer choice C can be eliminated, because the graph indicates that the colder bands are lower.Based on the graph, answer choice D is correct. None of the waves go above 0 meters. We’re left with B and D. Now we can go to the passage to see which choice is supported by the passage. Let’s start with B. This is taken directly from the passage: The passage states that colder water is denser, and the graph shows that the colder water is below the warmer water. Therefore, B can’t be correct. Now let’s confirm that D is the right answer. These are the first 3 sentences of the passage: The passage clearly states that internal waves are underwater, and the graph shows that the internal waves never rise above 0 meters. The correct answer is D. Strategies for Quantitative Questions on Reading and Writing Here are some tips to keep in mind that will help you with the quantitative questions on Reading and Writing. Ignore the Data in the Passage Until You’re Answering the Related Questions If you see a graph or chart in a passage, disregard it until you attempt to answer the questions based on the data. You’ll have to refer back to the graph or chart when you’re answering the questions, so you don’t have to waste time looking at the data beforehand. Familiarize Yourself With the Data Before Answering the Question Before selecting an answer to a quantitative question, understand each component of the graph or chart. Know what’s being measured and exactly how it’s being measured. Make sure to read the labels and scales. If you incorrectly identify what's being measured on the x-axis or y-axis of a graph, then you're likely to get the question wrong. Similarly, if you don't correctly determine what each bar or line is measuring in a graph, you'll have difficulty correctly answering the quantitative questions. When Answering Questions That Ask You to Interpret the Data, Go Through the Answer Choices to Determine the Correct Answer For questions that ask you to identify which statement is true based on the data, go through each statement to see if it’s supported by the data. If one of the answer choices makes a claim that is either proven incorrect by the data or can't be directly supported by the data, then you should eliminate that answer choice. The correct answer will be the only one that is definitively proven by the graphical information. Oftentimes, there will be an answer that seems plausible, but it can only be the correct answer if it's supported by the evidence. Only Refer Back to the Passage if Necessary For most quantitative questions, you can rely solely on the data to answer the question. If you have to go back to the passage to confirm your answer choice, do as much as you can with the just the data to eliminate answer choices before referring to the passage. This will save you time. What's Next? Quantitative questions first appeared on the SAT in March of 2016. Find out how the Reading and Writing sections have changed. Also, you may want to learn how to excel on the SAT essay. Finally, learn from a perfect scorer how to get a 1600 on the SAT. Want to improve your SAT score by 160 points? Check out our best-in-class online SAT prep program. We guarantee your money back if you don't improve your SAT score by 160 points or more. Our program is entirely online, and it customizes what you study to your strengths and weaknesses. If you liked this Writing and grammar lesson, you'll love our program.Along with more detailed lessons, you'll get thousands ofpractice problems organized by individual skills so you learn most effectively. We'll also give you a step-by-step program to follow so you'll never be confused about what to study next. Check out our 5-day free trial:

Theories Regarding the Nature of Organizational Culture Research Paper - 1

Theories Regarding the Nature of Organizational Culture - Research Paper Example Schein (2010) tries to understand the dimensions of organizational culture and how the organizational culture can direct innovation while the scholar also tried to highlight the role of leaders in shaping the organizational culture. These gaps in the literature have influenced the researcher to conduct research on the topic and write this research paper.   Schein (2010) found it difficult to derive a definition of culture due to conceptual and semantic confusions while the scholar also argued that it is not possible to define different social groups under the roof of the universally accepted definition of culture. In such context, Alvesson and Sveningsson (2008) suggested that the focus should be on defining culture within the organization rather than understanding the culture of social groups sharing similar kind of traditions, rituals, history, and customs. Brooks (2009) also tried to define the organizational culture in terms of norms, the behavior of members and knowledge sharing, yet, such definition is far from capturing full dimensions of culture. To clear out confusions regarding the definition and characteristics of organizational culture, the research paper will use Schein’s (2010) idea for organizational culture. According to Schein (2010), organizational culture has dimensions like behavioral regularities, group dyna mics, espoused values, ideological  principles, unwritten rules of the organization, communication between members, special competencies displayed by group members, shared cognitive frames between members, the way team members celebrate within organization, emotional and aesthetic response etc.  Now, the fact is that it is very difficult to integrate all the mentioned elements within same organizational context but there is no doubt that these factors play the vital role in shaping the organizational culture. Schein (2010) also identified three levels of culture such as Artifacts, Espoused Beliefs & Value, and Underlying Assumptions.

Project management Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Project management - Coursework Example Several studies revealed that majority of traffic collision is caused by human factors related to intoxication or the use of cell phones while driving (Strayer & Drews, 2004; Strayer, Drews, & Johnston, 2003; Williamson, Feyer, Friswel, & Finlay-Brown, 2001). In some cases, other forms of visual or sound distraction such as the presence of billboard in highways or the use of loud radio could also promote road accidents (U.S. Department of Transportation, 2008). To prevent unnecessary deaths caused by traffic collision, this project initiation document will discuss the importance of joint training and exercises as a way to improve the multi-agency response to road traffic collision. Project Aim / Goal The aim of this project is to develop and implement a joint training and exercises programs that will improve the multi-agency response to road traffic collision. Project Objectives The following project objectives will be considered to ensure that the project goal is attainable: 1. To e ncourage the health care team (doctors, emergency care medical personnel, and nurses) to participate and work together with other related agencies like police department, traffic enforcement group, and the transport department in developing and implementing a joint training and exercise programs that will reduce the number of controllable traffic collision that happens each day; and 2. To educate the public about human factors that can contribute to controllable traffic collision and how to avoid vehicular accidents. Project Benefits This project will not only increase the public awareness concerning the public with regards to the primary causes of traffic collision, it will also serve as a means of reducing the number of deaths due to vehicular accidents. Since vehicular accidents related to traffic collision could create socio-economic and emotional problems on the part of the victims’ family and loved ones, the project benefits can be more than the cost of encouraging the health care team (doctors, emergency care medical personnel, and nurses) to participate and work together with other related agencies like police department, traffic enforcement group, and the transport department in developing and implementing a joint training and exercise programs that aims to reduce the number of controllable traffic collision. Project Costs Based on the work breakdown structure presented on page 4, the estimated cost of this project is ?2,330,000. (See Appendix I – Summary of Work Breakdown Structure on page 8) Business Case Based on the World Health Organization (2002) report, the global death associated with traffic collision is roughly 5 million each year whereas physical injuries caused these vehicular accidents can be as much as 12% of the total annual deaths (Peden, McGee, & Sharma, 2010). On top of the large number of road traffic injury cases, between 20 to 50 million people who becomes a victim of traffic collision has suffered from serious physi cal injuries (Geetha et al., 2010). Since the annual hospital cost of physical injuries related to traffic collision is between $65 billion to $100 billion (Geetha et al., 2010), implementing the proposed project with a budget of ?2,330,000 can be considered highly feasible. By implementing this project, the government will be able to save more people from going through the burden of paying large amount of money on hospital bills but also save the lives of thousands and

Milgrams Obedience Experiment Essay Example for Free

Milgrams Obedience Experiment Essay In the 1960s, Milgram, then a professor at Yale, recruited ordinary people through a newspaper ad offering them money to help in a project purporting to improve human memory. In Milgrams experiment two people come into the laboratory where they are told they will be taking part in a study of memory and learning. Milgram was interested in how people obey under authoritative circumstances, using fake settings to test obedience. Under any given circumstance people tend to obey authority differently. Milgram tested this theory out by putting his volunteers into a laboratory setting and having them pressing a button shocking the other person for a wrong answer . Most of Milgrams volunteers went through the experiment, not wanting to disobey the authority figure. The volunteers in Milgrams experiment were fighting their subconscious minds. The person had complete power over the other individual, whom he could punish whenever he saw fit. The subject had to decide if what they were doing was right (causing pain to another). This study suggests to me that, rightly managed, a cohesive group with an authoritative leader can find people who will do almost anything. The thing I found interesting while reading about Milgrams Obedience experiment was the deception that took place. Right from the start, the subject was deceived by the motives of Milgrams experiment. It is not an experiment on the affect of electric shocks on learning, it was an experiment aiming to see how far the subject would be willing to go, when instructed by an authoritative figure. To me his experiment seems like one a doctor would use to determine the effects of a new drug on a group of people. While some are giving the real drug others are giving placebos or fake pills. In Milgrams experiment, people are led to believe that they are shocking the other person for a wrong answer and increasing the voltage after each shock when they really were not. The button that they push to deliver that shock would be the placebo button placed there to make the  person think that they were really inflicting harm on the other person. The purpose of the study was to determine the degree to which a person will be obedient to an authoritys orders or requests if they do not agree with the requests being made. This situation occurs in many aspects of society, including the military, employer/employee situations, and most disturbingly,  Nazi  Germany. I think that this experiment shows just how sadistic one can be if one wishes to be.

Marketing Management Essay -- Technology, The Internet

Introduction Internet technology growth has a huge potential such as it reduce the costs of goods, services delivery and expand environmental boundaries in bringing buyers and sellers together. Internet permits small businesses to gain and maintain an access market that helps them to compete with huge industry. The information and communication technology revolutions, globalization have taken a movement in the economy of world from production based to economy of knowledge based. Internet has also changed the method of business is being conducted the way that it will take important achieve to consumers and transactions. In the present age, Internet is playing an increasingly significant role in consumer daily live. Consumers use the Internet various reasons ranging from only collecting information to purchasing product online. Internet shopping has been becoming a significant current approach for marketing, and along with the increase to a higher level of customer consciousness, my study intends to propose a theoretical framework for customer satisfaction in internet shopping. The Internet invention can create and/or improve competitive advantage based on two perspectives. At the first, businesses can incorporate and establish an accurate market segmentation mechanism (Ryan, 2004), seeing that market segmentation information can help marketing managers learn more about their target market, take enhanced stock of market through the process of product growth (Kotler and Keller, 2006) and enhance the opportunity of delivering and creating personalized goods and services throughout a better understanding of the feelings and motives of the targeted customer segment. Second, studies have often applied various hypothetical bas... ...ular website, they are still to be expected to find substitute sites and switch to them. Compare information and find other websites that provide similar products or services which is easy for consumers. In online shops, the relationship between loyalty and consumer satisfaction is weaker than offline shops (Anderson and Srinivasan, 2003; Terblanche and Boshoff, 2010). Objective of customer buying studies highlighted the role of such as factors that are service quality, equity and value, customer satisfaction, passed loyalty, expected switching cost and brand favourite (Hellier, 2003). Attitude towards online shopping and intention to shop online are not only related to ease of use and fun but also to numerous exogenous factors such as consumer traits, situational aspects, product characteristics, preceding online shopping experience and confidence (Monsuwe 2004).

Role of Government in Capitalism

Free market capitalism is a system of  economics  that minimizes government intervention and maximizes the role of the  market. A free market economy is based on supply and demand with little or no government control. A completely free market is an idealized form of a market economy where buyers and sellers are allowed to transact freely (i. e. buy/sell/trade) based on a mutual agreement on price without state intervention in the form of taxes, subsidies or regulation. Government  regulations, trade barriers, and labor laws are generally thought to distort the market.In practice, no country or jurisdiction has a completely free market. How Much Government is needed in the free capitalism arena? Should we expand our faith in free market capitalism, or do we need government intervention in each and every aspect of business economy? The role of government just considered is to do something that the market cannot do for itself, namely, to determine, arbitrate, and enforce the rul es of the game. Railroads, Parks, Highways are an excellent example. A good society requires that its members agree on the general conditions that will govern relations among them.The basic roles of government in a free society is to provide a means whereby we can modify the rules, to mediate differences among us on the meaning of the rules, and to enforce compliance with the rules. According to Adam Smith, self-interest (not selfishness), property rights and division of labor are three important interrelated pillars of economic growth. Some of the market values include the below and the failure can happen if we miss any of the below qualities. * Discipline * Honesty and trustworthiness * Tolerance * Cooperation * Courtesy * Enterprise * Responsibility Market failure occurs due to many reasons.Some of those reasons are: * Monopoly power * When producers do not fully bear total costs of products or are unable to capture all benefits of producing products. * When there is a common pro perty resource. Common property is nobody's property, hence the property is misused. * Lack of information, misinformation or asymmetry of information. * Risk and/or uncertainty * Economic Bubbles * Environmental Pollution. * Exploitation of Workers. * Unsafe and Ineffective Products. * Corporate Fraud and Theft. * Neglect of Public Goods. * Neglect of Social and Public Investments. * Hidden Information. * Inability to Plan. Boom and Bust Cycles. * Lack of Markets. * Poverty and Economic Inequality. * Lack of Opportunity and Economic Mobility. There are a host of other areas where free markets will not work efficiently and promote public welfare without some government intervention. For example, areas of product safety, workplace safety, airwaves allocation, oil and gas exploration. Therefore government intervention is essential for the working of free and competitive markets. Role of a government in a market economy should: * Provide a legal system to make and enforce laws and to p rotect private property rights. Provide public goods that individuals or private businesses would not provide. * Correct market failures such as external costs and economic slowdown (unemployment) * Maintain competition by regulating monopolies * Stabilize the economy by reducing unemployment and inflation and promoting economic growth. We can give two great examples where government intervention is needed 2001 dot. com bubble and subprime mortgage crisis. For 2001 . com bubble, government has to step in and put some regulations in the market to curb the crisis. In late 2008 US financial markets seemed near collapse.The financial community’s near collapse had been most directly ignited by the subprime mortgage crisis; a situation in which the nation’s housing bubble burst and millions of Americans were no longer able to pay their home mortgages. Lending had essentially frozen. A great name in banking, Lehman Brothers, went bankrupt while Wall Street powers Bear Stearns and Merrill Lynch, facing failure, were sold. One estimate is that the total Federal Reserve aid package, at its peak, reached $3. 3 trillion. Through its Troubled Asset Relief Program (TARP) and other initiatives, the government assisted companies considered â€Å"too big to fail. The government undertook various stimulative measures including tax breaks, bond sales, and direct injections of federal money to prop up the badly faltering economy. In a centerpiece of the stimulus effort, about $800 billion was spent on such projects as road construction, extension of unemployment benefits, help to states in meeting Medicaid costs, and high-speed rail transportation. National unemployment was in the 10 percent range, and the government decided to use all of its powers to quickly build jobs and otherwise rescue the economy to avert a total crash.Some of the government programs might put the country in more and more debt situation and for example cash for first-time homeowners, cash fo r clunkers, payroll tax reductions a year at a time, Obama Care, subsidies for electric vehicles, cash for investments in green energy, taxes on medical devices, a Fed that now is not just managing inflation, but also trying to improve the economy through artificially low interest rates over a very long period of time and a major increase in new regulations.All of these interventions have impacts on the costs of products and services, prices of those products and services. Even biggest democratic countries like India are planning to privatize lot of government sectors for example trash, transportation. The government currently ties a noose around the neck of the free market in a multitude of ways. It has rules and regulations, favors to special interest groups, currency debasement by inflating the money supply etc. , All these things disrupt the free market.There is no doubt that government alone cannot make an economy work for the betterment of all its citizens. It does need to par tner with a  progressive  private sector to make that happen. Limited government and show the presence wherever needed, makes government the strongest ally in the business world and we can create a better business together. References: http://books. cat-v. org/economics/capitalism-and-freedom/chapter_02 http://highered. mcgraw-hill. com/sites/dl/free/0073525006/928301/McAdams_10e_Chapter_1. pdf http://www. governmentisgood. com/articles. php? aid=13;print=1